Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Participants in the Clinical-Outcomes Study, According to Status with Respect to Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events at 3 Years.*
| Characteristic | All Participants (N = 4007) |
Participants without Events (N = 3494) |
Participants with Events (N = 513) |
P Value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age — yr | 63±11 | 62±11 | 68±10 | <0.001 |
| Male sex — % | 64 | 65 | 62 | 0.16 |
| Median body-mass index (interquartile range)‡ | 28.7 (25.6–32.5) | 28.7 (25.7–32.5) | 28.1 (24.8–32.4) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes mellitus — % | 32 | 30 | 43 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension — % | 72 | 71 | 79 | <0.001 |
| History of myocardial infarction — % | 42 | 40 | 53 | <0.001 |
| No. of coronary vessels with ≥50% stenosis — % | ||||
| 0 | 26 | 28 | 15 | <0.001 |
| 1 | 20 | 21 | 15 | 0.004 |
| 2 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 0.51 |
| 3 | 34 | 32 | 48 | <0.001 |
| Current or former smoker — % | 65 | 65 | 69 | 0.05 |
| Median cholesterol (interquartile range) — mg/dl | ||||
| Low-density lipoprotein | 96 (78–117) | 96 (78–117) | 96 (75–116) | 0.34 |
| High-density lipoprotein | 34 (28–41) | 34 (28–41) | 33 (28–40) | 0.03 |
| Median triglycerides (interquartile range) — mg/dl | 118 (85–170) | 118 (85–169) | 124 (86–173) | 0.52 |
| Median apolipoprotein (interquartile range) — mg/dl | ||||
| B | 82 (69–96) | 82 (69–96) | 82 (68–96) | 0.86 |
| A1 | 116 (103–133) | 117 (103–133) | 114 (100–129) | 0.002 |
| Median fasting glucose (interquartile range) — mg/dl | 102 (93–119) | 102 (92–117) | 106 (94–135) | <0.001 |
| Median high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (interquartile range) — ng/liter |
2.4 (1–5.9) | 2.3 (1–5.5) | 3.9 (1.8–9.8) | <0.001 |
| Median myeloperoxidase (interquartile range) — pM | 115.2 (76.4–245.7) | 113.2 (75.4–238.3) | 136.3 (84.7–329.3) | <0.001 |
| Median estimated glomerular filtration rate (interquartile range) — ml/min/1.73 m2 |
82 (69–95) | 83 (71–96) | 75 (56–89) | <0.001 |
| Median white-cell count (interquartile range) — per mm3 | 6100 (5100–7500) | 6100 (5000–7500) | 6400 (5300–8100) | 0.001 |
| Medications — % | ||||
| Aspirin | 74 | 74 | 70 | 0.04 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 50 | 49 | 58 | <0.001 |
| Statin | 60 | 61 | 56 | 0.06 |
| Beta-blocker | 63 | 63 | 65 | 0.41 |
| Median TMAO (interquartile range) — µM | 3.7 (2.4–6.2) | 3.5 (2.4–5.9) | 5.0 (3.0–8.8) | <0.001 |
Plus–minus values are means ±SD. To convert the values for cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.02586. To convert the values for triglycerides to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.01129. To convert the values for glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.05551. ACE denotes angiotensin-converting enzyme, ARB angiotensin-receptor blocker, and TMAO trimethylamine-N-oxide.
The P value is for the comparison between patients who had a major adverse cardiovascular event and those who did not.
The body-mass index is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters.