TABLE 1.
Selected baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants1
| Vegan group (n = 49) | Conventional diet group (n = 50) | P2 | |
| Age (y) | 56.7 ± 9.8 (35–82)3 | 54.6 ± 10.2 (27–80) | 0.29 |
| Sex [n (%)] | 0.26 | ||
| Male | 22 (45) | 17 (34) | |
| Female | 27 (55) | 33 (66) | |
| Race, ethnicity [n (%)] | 0.714 | ||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 22 (45) | 22 (44) | |
| White, non-Hispanic | 21 (47) | 22 (44) | |
| White, Hispanic | 4 (8) | 2 (4) | |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 2 (4) | 4 (8) | |
| Education [n (%)] | 0.69 | ||
| High school, partial or graduate | 6 (12) | 3 (6) | |
| College, partial or graduate | 26 (53) | 25 (50) | |
| Graduate degree | 17 (35) | 22 (44) | |
| Years since diabetes diagnosis | 8.6 ± 6.85 | 8.5 ± 6.1 | 0.96 |
| On insulin [n (%)] | 11 (22) | 5 (10) | 0.09 |
| Glargine | 6 (12) | 3 (6) | |
| Premixed insulin | 3 (6) | 1 (2) | |
| NPH | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | |
| Glargine + rapid-acting analog | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| On metformin [n (%)] | 34 (69) | 39 (78) | 0.33 |
| On sulfonylurea [n (%)] | 25 (51) | 29 (58) | 0.49 |
| On thiazolidinedione [n (%)] | 16 (33) | 15 (30) | 0.78 |
| On other diabetes medications [n (%)] | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 0.57 |
| On blood pressure medications [n (%)] | 31 (63) | 38 (76) | 0.17 |
| On lipid-lowering medications [n (%)] | 27 (55) | 27 (54) | 0.88 |
| History of eye involvement [n (%)] | 9 (18) | 10 (20) | 0.82 |
| History of renal involvement [n (%)] | 6 (12) | 4 (8) | 0.48 |
| History of neuropathy [n (%)] | 18 (37) | 24 (48) | 0.25 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33.9 ± 7.8 | 35.9 ± 7.0 | 0.18 |
| BMI [n (%)] | |||
| <25 kg/m2 | 5 (10) | 2 (4) | |
| 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 14 (29) | 5 (10) | |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 30 (61) | 43 (86) |
1
NPH, neutral protamine Hagedorn (an intermediate-acting insulin).
2
Refers to t tests for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables.
3
Mean ± SD; range in parentheses (all such values).
4
Calculated for race distribution; for ethnicity (Hispanic compared with non-Hispanic), P = 0.39.
5
Mean ± SD (all such values).